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Table of contents（Click to go to where you want to see）
The history of breast pump development
2.2 The invention and initial development of manual mechanical pumps in the 16th to 18th centuries
2.3 19th century double-headed and piston breast pumps
2.4 The birth and medicalization of the electric breast pump in the early 20th century
2.5 The Personal Electric and Portable Revolution (1990s-2000s)
2.6 The New Era of Intelligence and Wearables (2010s to Present)
how to get a breast pump through insurance
Clinical studies have demonstrated that breastfeeding supports newborns' growth and development while aiding mothers' postpartum recovery. The act of a baby sucking stimulates uterine contractions and helps prevent various postpartum gynecological issues. However, the duration of lactation after childbirth can vary widely due to factors such as maternal breast development, psychological changes, and postpartum pain. These factors can lead to breast tenderness, which may further discourage mothers from breastfeeding. This, in turn, not only affects breastfeeding rates but also hampers postpartum recovery. Therefore, it is essential to implement evidence-based methods to promote lactation, reduce breast tenderness, and enhance maternal comfort after delivery.
For mothers, postpartum lactation is a complex physiological process influenced by multiple factors and dependent on effective sucking stimulation from the infant. Typically, during the first day after giving birth, mothers produce relatively little milk due to decreased levels of prolactin and oxytocin, requiring the newborn's sucking to stimulate the secretion of these hormones. However, some mothers may experience insufficient milk production if they are separated from their infant or if there is a lack of sucking stimulation, which can hinde1r breastfeeding.
Traditional methods of promoting lactation primarily involve breast massage, but the effectiveness of this technique largely relies on the practitioner's skill level, leading to varying results. With ongoing advancements in medical technology, electric breast pumps have become more common as a supplementary aid in promoting postpartum lactation. These pumps simulate a newborn's sucking, effectively stimulating the release of prolactin and promoting milk secretion.
A breast pump is an electric or manual medical tool designed to help mothers express breast milk accumulated in the mammary glands. Simulating a baby's sucking action allows mothers who are away from their babies or whose babies are temporarily unable to breastfeed to maintain their milk supply and store milk.
Breast pumps primarily work by using the principle of negative pressure. They closely mimic a healthy baby's natural sucking rhythm by creating a negative pressure environment that envelops the nipple and areola. As the vacuum draws in the nipple and areola, the mammary tissue in the breast is stimulated, prompting milk to flow.
The force of the negative pressure simulates a baby's sucking motion. Breast pumps are also typically equipped with a suction adjustment button or knob, allowing mothers to adjust the suction strength according to their preference.
The working process of a breast pump is usually divided into two core modes: stimulation mode and Expression Mode, forming an efficient cycle.. See the table below for details.
| Stimulation Mode | Expression Mode | |
| How it works | Fast, gentle, high-frequency suction pulses | After the stimulation mode triggers a milk burst, switch to a slow, deep, and powerful suction rhythm |
| Mock Objects | Simulates the short, rapid sucks of a baby when they first start feeding | Simulates the baby's rhythmic swallowing after the arrival of large-volume milk |
| Physiological effects | Stimulating the mother's nipple nerves sends signals to the pituitary gland in the brain, releasing oxytocin. Oxytocin causes the milk ducts in the breast to contract, pushing milk toward the nipple. This is the "milk ejection reflex." | During this phase, milk is efficiently extracted from the breast. |
| External manifestations | The mother may feel a tingling and swelling in the breasts and see the milk change from dripping to spurting. | Expressing excess milk to relieve discomfort |
Figure 1 Stimulation Mode 3.3 times/second to restore the baby's sucking frequency
Geddes' research shows that sucking more than 100 times per minute can stimulate milk letdown more quickly and effectively.
Figure 2 Lactation mode: Micro-vibration massage stimulates the lactation nerves under the nipple and areola to promote the secretion of oxytocin in the brain, quickly stimulating milk production
A good breast pump must have both modes and be able to adjust the suction strength in multiple levels to ensure that the milk extraction process is efficient and comfortable. Comfort is key to effective milk removal, as pain can inhibit the milk ejection reflex.
Stimulating Milk Production: For postpartum milk deficiency, using a breast pump can simulate a baby's sucking, stimulating the mother's pituitary gland to release pulsatile prolactin, increasing milk production.
Relieving Breast Engorgement: When excessive breast milk causes breast tenderness, a breast pump can stimulate the neurohypophysis to release oxytocin, contracting the myoepithelial cells surrounding the mammary alveoli. This helps to express excess milk, alleviate discomfort, and reduce the risk of breast diseases such as mastitis. It also increases breastfeeding confidence and relieves anxiety.
Collecting Milk: When mothers cannot breastfeed directly, they can express and store milk for their babies to consume later. This is particularly useful for working mothers, who can express and store milk during work hours to ensure their babies can access breast milk at home.
Assisting Breastfeeding with Nipple Abnormalities: A breast pump can provide a therapeutic aid for conditions such as inverted nipples or blocked milk ducts. For example, you can use a breast pump to suck out some milk to make the nipple temporarily protrude, making it easier for the baby to suck.
Involve family members in feeding: Dad or other family members can participate in the feeding process by feeding the baby with a bottle of expressed breast milk. This strengthens parent-child bonding and allows the mother to have some valuable rest time.
Providing breast milk for special babies, such as babies with cleft lip and palate: These babies may have difficulty latching on, and a breast pump can be used to pump out breast milk and then feed them with a special bottle.
A breast pump is a tool used to express breast milk. It's relatively convenient to use and generally empties the breasts, relieving the discomfort of engorgement. Infant feeding involves sucking, and usually stops when the baby is full. This allows any remaining breast milk to accumulate in the breasts, potentially causing engorgement.
Using a breast pump generally does not harm the mother's nipples, whereas infant feeding can rupture them, causing pain and discomfort.
Breast milk expressed with a breast pump needs to be placed in a bottle before feeding, while infant feeding involves sucking the milk directly into the baby's mouth, which may be more effective.
Breast pumps and baby pumps each have their advantages and disadvantages. Mothers can reasonably combine and use the two methods according to their own situation and the situation of their baby.
When it comes to breast pumps, you might think they're a modern invention, but they've actually been around much longer than we think. A prototype appeared as early as the 5th century BC in ancient Greece. In other words, the history of breast pumps dates back over 2,500 years!
Did you know?
Old breast pumps were used for both sucking and feeding.
The mouth once powered breast pumps, often the mother's mouth.
The ancients may have invented breast pumps to address inverted nipples.
The impetus for the invention of breast pumps was the lack of puppies to suck milk.
How did the breast pump become what it is today? What ups and downs has it experienced? What surprising operations have occurred along the way? Today, we will unveil the history of the breast pump in chronological order.
In the late Greco-Roman period, it became customary to use wet nurses to breastfeed instead of the mother. From the Hippocratic Corpus of the 3rd century BC to the writings of medical scholars like Solanas, Galen, and Oripasius from the 2nd to 4th centuries AD, breastfeeding was rarely discussed. However, they all believed that the timely provision of necessary nutrients was essential for infant survival, and the role of wet nurses was crucial. Therefore, they detailed how to select a wet nurse, determine the freshness of milk, and teach wet nurses how to breastfeed.
To increase milk production and facilitate feeding, breast pumps were invented. Archaeological finds reveal that these pot-shaped ceramic breast pumps (Figure 3-A-B-C-D) had complex and ingenious internal structures. To use them, first fill the pot with water, press the spout with your finger, and align the bottom opening with the breast shield. When you release your finger, water flows out of the mouth, gradually creating a negative pressure inside the pot (see link What is negative pressure?), which puts pressure on the nipple, forcing milk to flow out and collect in the pot for direct feeding to the baby. In other words, this vessel served as both a breast pump and a feeding bottle.
Figure 3： Ancient Greek pottery breast pump, glass breast pump century
The ancient Greeks did not invent the figure (3-E), but it was by the ancient Romans. Medical development was very slow in the Middle Ages, so there were no breakthroughs in breast pumps. However, the ancients were not completely idle and invented something to solve the problem of inverted nipples. Figure (3-F)
Isn’t it fascinating to look back at the history of breastfeeding practices in Europe? Even in the 16th century, the use of breast pumps and wet nurses was common, reflecting a deep understanding of nurturing, although the ancients may not have fully grasped the concept of "negative pressure." As we journey from the 16th to the 18th centuries, we see an exciting evolution in breast pump technology that really took off during the Enlightenment! This transformative era blossomed in countries like England, France, and Germany, marking a significant cultural and intellectual movement that embraced a return to our human nature.
One of the brightest voices during the Enlightenment was Jean-Jacques Rousseau. He championed breastfeeding, believing it to be a vital part of motherhood that affirmed a mother's worth. In his book "Emile," he encouraged mothers to embrace this natural bond and criticized the common practice of hiring wet nurses, resonating strongly with the French elite who shared his views on motherhood, health, and education.
In a heartfelt response to the challenges surrounding breastfeeding, Madame Lebourn, the daughter of a surgeon and wife of the Governor-General of Finance, penned "Advice to Mothers Who Will Breastfeed Themselves" in 1767. This book was inspired by the heartrending experience of witnessing an infant's tragic death after being fed by a wet nurse. Madame Lebourn saw breastfeeding as not just a duty, but an instinctive responsibility and a beautiful social virtue that every woman should embrace.
While offering powerful encouragement, her book also acknowledged the real obstacles mothers faced when it came to breastfeeding, highlighting the “excuses” women would sometimes share to forgo it. Enter the breast pump—a truly remarkable tool that emerged during this time, providing mothers with more options and alleviating their challenges. The design of these pumps saw rapid innovation, helping mothers navigate the delicate balance between breastfeeding and utilizing wet nurses.
One of the intriguing issues surrounding this topic was the handling of colostrum. For centuries, doctors in Europe believed that this early milk could be harmful to infants. Often, it was a common practice in medieval Europe to use maids or even puppies to extract colostrum before feeding. However, by the end of the 16th century, physicians developed a glass tool with a long tube and a small jar, allowing mothers to easily extract and discard colostrum in a more hygienic way.
Later, this innovation even provided relief for mothers dealing with breast engorgement. In 1577（Figure 4）, Italian physician Omnibonus Ferrarius introduced the "Tiralatte" breast pump, suggesting first-time mothers "empty their breasts twice a day, morning and evening," which was a game changer! The Bianchi breast pump took it further by replacing manual labor with a mechanical piston, making the breastfeeding experience easier and more accessible. Plus, it included a handy feature where a small tube could be attached to redirect the flow, allowing it to assist infants with cleft lips and palates.
It’s truly inspiring to see how far we’ve come in understanding and supporting mothers throughout the breastfeeding journey! On the lower end of the pump, there is a diverting mechanism that allows for the flow to be diverted, making it suitable for feeding infants born with cleft lips and palates.
Figure 4: The "Tiralatte" breast pump was invented in 1577
Bianchi's design inspired many doctors and instrument manufacturers. Breast pumps can now be equipped with small containers to store breast milk, tubes for drainage, and even slings to address breastfeeding difficulties caused by inverted nipples. From the 16th to the 18th century, middle-class women in most European countries and regions wore corsets from a young age. While corsets accentuated breasts, they also led to a high incidence of inverted nipples, resulting in inefficient sucking in newborns. Traditionally, an elderly maid or a young girl would suck hard on a woman's nipple before delivery, or they would fill a small wine glass with water, let it sit for a while, then pour out the water. The glass would then be inverted over the nipple, using the negative pressure to "pull" it out. In 1665, German surgeon Johannes Scultetus described a breast pump that could address inverted nipples. "Some nursing women have nipples so deeply hidden that the newborn cannot reach them... In such cases, she can place the pump over her nipples, secure it to her body with a sling, and then suck the nipples herself through a long tube before feeding."
From the 16th to the 18th centuries, medicine was based on a mechanistic model, which observed and explained life's activities by analogy with mechanical motion. This mechanistic approach had a dual impact on medicine. On the one hand, it significantly promoted the emergence and development of sub-disciplines such as anatomy and biology. Still, on the other hand, it neglected the influence and role of psychological and social factors. The development of the breast pump during this period is a case in point. While the breast pump did solve some practical problems and promoted breastfeeding, mothers were viewed as "milk-producing machines," solely responsible for fulfilling their duty to their newborns. In contrast, their comfort during breastfeeding was rarely considered.
centuries-long breastfeeding debate, yet they are also the most neglected participants. While breast pumps were constantly being updated, Francis Mauriceau, Louis XIV's midwife, discovered that pain caused by nipple damage was one of the main reasons mothers gave up breastfeeding. In 1680, he proposed combining a nipple shield with a breast pump. This improved breast pump (Figures 5 and 6) later emerged and resembled the prototype of the modern breast pump.
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In 1809, French surgical instrument maker Pierre-Victor Coutouly invented the "Téterolle" (French for "nipple") breast pump (Figure 7). Compared to the widely used Bianchi breast pump, the Coutouly breast pump dispensed with a mechanical piston in favor of a valve. The amount of air blown in controlled the suction force, alleviating discomfort for the mother. Coutouly also reduced the cup size to avoid excessive pressure and unnecessary damage to the breasts. He replaced the traditional glass tube with a flexible rubber tube and added a mouthpiece for easy cleaning.
In the 19th century, rapid advances in obstetrics and emerging neonatal care gave premature infants a fighting chance of survival. In 1892, French pediatrician Edouard Jacquemet invented a double-suction breast pump, which helped premature infants suck milk independently while reducing the pressure on the mother's breasts caused by the device itself. Obstetrician Pierre-Victor Alfred Auvard, building on Jacquemet's invention, developed a smaller-capacity breast pump suitable for feeding premature and frail infants. Auvard's later model incorporated a valve at the nipple, allowing for adjustment and preventing choking (Figure 8). This double-headed breast pump primarily relied on the mother to pump, with the expressed milk collecting at the bottom of the glass container (see Figure 9E), where the infant could easily access it. The protective cap covering the nipple was no longer made of glass, but rather rubber, to better protect the mother's nipple.
Since then, the shape and function of breast pumps have continued to evolve, becoming increasingly similar to the breast pumps we see today.
With the advancement of industrialization, the U.S. Patent and Trademark Office officially granted Orwell H. Needham a patent for his breast pump in 1854 (Figure 10), marking the commercialization of breast pump development. Commercial competition led doctors and device manufacturers to focus on whether the device could simulate infant sucking, improve maternal comfort, and improve operational suitability.
In 1923 (some say 1921), German-born American chess master and mechanical engineer Eduard Lasker, drawing on his experience developing an electric cow milker, collaborated with German-American pediatrician Isaac A. Abt to develop the world's first electric breast pump (Figure 11). This breast pump mimicked a baby's sucking motion and surpassed previous mechanical pumps in performance. American pediatrician Joseph DeLee wrote to Lasker, praising the device as essential for any maternity hospital. The electric breast pump subsequently became standard equipment for postpartum care in American hospitals.
Mechanical breast pumps remain mainstream despite the advent of new electric breast pumps. For centuries, doctors believed milk could be released by creating a perfect vacuum in the breasts, allowing milk to flow from high-pressure areas along the milk ducts to low-pressure areas. In 1924, American doctor Woodard Colby discovered that the speed of a breast pump's "suction-release" cycle correlated with its effectiveness. He believed that traditional breast pumps, relying on the perfect vacuum generated by the movement of a mechanical piston, were ineffective and burdensome to reduce in size.
After four years of research, Colby unveiled his invention in 1928 (Figure 12). He added an opening valve to one side of the cup. The rubber tube at one end of the cup was shortened and inserted directly into the pump's body. A rubber stopper with a small hole cut into the bottom of the tube and a hydraulic pad were added to the body of the pump to maintain a constant vacuum throughout the extraction process, significantly increasing the speed of the "suction-release" cycle. This efficient operation also made it possible to reduce the size of the breast pump, allowing users to control the frequency of suction as needed, improving comfort.
With the introduction of mechanical and electric breast pumps, the United States dominated the global breast pump market. However, due to the outbreak of World War II, trade restrictions prevented many European countries from ordering American products. Therefore, in 1938, Swedish engineer Einar Egnell, commissioned by pediatrician Gunnar Willers of Stockholm's Southern General Hospital, worked with head nurse Maja Kindberg to develop a breast pump. After eight failed attempts, Egnell launched the world's first medical-grade electric breast pump in 1944. In honor of the head nurse's help, Egnell named the machine "Maya" (Figure 13).
In 1965, American psychologist and maternal health researcher Niles Newton was on a business trip to the UK when she saw the "Maya" breast pump in a hospital. A longtime supporter of the breastfeeding advocacy organization La Leche League, Newton found the pump incredibly practical and suggested La Leche League consider acting as a bridge, allowing women in need to apply through their community to rent breast pumps from hospitals. "If mothers find breastfeeding isn't that difficult, they'll stick with it," she said.
With the miniaturization of technology and market demand, breast pumps began to move from hospitals to ordinary households. In 1996, the first home electric breast pump was finally introduced (Figure 14), featuring a smaller, quieter, and more powerful motor. This response to mothers' continued demand for breastfeeding technology at home led to the emergence of personal electric breast pumps designed for daily use. Double breast pumps became popular, allowing both breasts to be pumped simultaneously, doubling efficiency and helping to increase milk supply. Battery technology advancements have made breast pumps portable, allowing mothers to take them to work or travel.
After 2000, with the rapid development of science and technology and the work requirements of women, high-tech breast pumps with characteristics such as low noise, intelligence, and portability have also emerged (Figure 15).
Figure 15 ：NCVI low-noise, intelligent, portable Hospital-Grade breast pump
Breast pumps have entered an era of intelligent IoT and ultimate user experience (Figure 16). This development complements social movements encouraging public breastfeeding and supporting working mothers' rights.
Key Features:
Wearable Breast Pump: This is a revolutionary breakthrough. The breast pump is integrated into a bra-compatible container, making it completely silent, hands-free, and invisible. Mothers can move freely while pumping, greatly enhancing convenience and dignity.
Intelligent App Connectivity: The breast pump can connect to a mobile app via Bluetooth.
Data Recording: Tracks the amount, duration, and time of each pumping session.
Personalized Settings: Memorizes the best suction force and rhythm pattern that suits each user.
Remote Control: Control the breast pump's on/off mode and settings via a mobile app.
Integration into the Health Ecosystem: Integrates pumping data with other health data (such as sleep and diet).
NCVI Neckband Wearable Electric Breast Pump
Choosing the right breast pump is crucial for new parents. We'll introduce different types of breast pumps based on their drive method, usage mode, and product level, analyzing their advantages and disadvantages and the people they're suitable for.
| Breast pump type | How It Works | Best suitable people | Core Advantages | Key Considerations |
| Manual breast pump | The suction is generated entirely by squeezing the handle or pressing the device | For occasional users, those on a budget, or as a backup | Affordable, portable, quiet, precise control | Time-consuming, labor-intensive, and inefficient |
| Single electric breast pump | Pumps only one breast at a time | For low-frequency users (1-2 times a day) who require high flexibility | Flexible, affordable, and low-cost accessories | Time-consuming and may affect milk supply |
| Double Electric Breast Pump | Pumps both breasts simultaneously | For mothers pumping breast milk from their back, pumping exclusively, or boosting milk production | Efficient, time-saving, and helps with milk production | Expensive, requires a hands-free bra, and has numerous accessories |
| Hospital-grade double pump | Powerful, designed for multiple users (each with their own accessory kit) | For premature infants/mothers of multiples, those struggling to start breastfeeding, and those needing to maintain milk supply | Powerful and stable power: Provides greater comfort and more effective suction. Hygienic and safe: The rental model ensures the main unit is professionally sterilized, allowing users to use only their own brand-new accessories. | Not portable, typically requires a rental. |
| Wearable Breast Pump | A microcontroller integrated into the speaker housing allows for wireless use, completely inserted into the bra. | For working mothers and multitaskers seeking freedom and privacy. | Invisible, hands-free, and silent. | Expensive, capacity issues, and potentially complicated to clean. |
When choosing a breast pump, consider your frequency of use, primary use (home, work), budget, and your needs for portability and quietness. For most mothers returning to work, an efficient double electric breast pump offers the highest return on investment. A wearable breast pump could be life-changing for those seeking ultimate freedom and privacy.
Our core principle about the best breast pump is that there is no "best" breast pump, only the "most suitable" breast pump.
This is because every mother's needs and preferences are different. There are also numerous breast pump types on the market. Check out our recommended self-assessment if you're looking for the right breast pump. We believe that after using this assessment, you can choose the best breast pump. You can also join our NCVI Moms Family Facebook Group to discuss the best breast pump with other experienced mothers.
Step 1 Self-assessment: in-depth assessment of personal needs and scenarios
| 1. Frequency of Use and Scenario | 2. Budget Range | ||
| How many times per day do you plan to use it? | A. Occasional Use (≤1-2 times per day): Supplementing breastfeeding, managing occasional outings, or breast engorgement. B. Frequent Use (≥3 times per day): Returning to work, pumping, or needing to pump regularly to maintain/increase milk supply. | What's your budget? | Budget (under $50): A manual breast pump is the preferred choice. Mainstream ($50 - $250): This is the main range for personal electric single and double breast pumps. High-end/Investment (over $250): Top-of-the-line electric double breast pumps and wearable breast pumps. Tip: In the US, many health insurance plans cover the cost of an electric breast pump; please check. |
| Where do you primarily use your breast pump？ | Primarily at home: Portability and quietness requirements may be relaxed. Primarily at work/in public: Portability, quietness, and efficiency are key requirements. You may want to consider a wearable or portable electric double-breasted pump. | ||
| 3. The need for portability and privacy | 4. Specific Physiological and Baby Circumstances | ||
| Do you need maximum freedom and privacy? | A wearable breast pump is a revolutionary option if you need to pump while moving around and don't want to be noticed. | Do you have a history of nipple soreness, blocked milk ducts, or trouble with milk supply? | Comfort and effectiveness are key. A medical-grade or high-end electric breast pump with more power and gentler modes may be more suitable. |
| Is your baby premature or a multiple birth? | For mothers who need to build and maintain a large milk supply, a high-performance double electric breast pump or a medical-grade breast pump (available for rental) is preferred. | ||
Step 2: Matching Breast Pump Types
Based on your answers to Step 1, mothers can choose a different type of breast pump based on their needs.
| Your actual needs | Recommended Type | Core reasons |
"Breastfeeding Warrior" (High-frequency, workplace, pursuit of efficiency) | Double electric breast pump | It saves time and is highly efficient, helping you complete milk pumping within a limited rest time and maintain milk supply. |
"All-in-One Housewife" (High frequency, often at home, requires flexibility) | Double-sided electric breast pump | (with a hands-free bra) Equally striving for efficiency at home, freeing up hands to care for the baby or handle household chores. |
"Refined Lifestyler" (High-Frequency, Privacy and Freedom) | Wearable Breast Pump | Invisible, silent, hands-free, seamlessly integrates into daily life and work, protecting privacy. |
"Suitable Backup" (Low-frequency, budget-constrained, backup) | manual breast pump or a single electric breast pump | A cost-effective option that meets occasional needs without creating a financial burden. |
Special Needs Mothers (Premature Birth, Multiple Birth, Breastfeeding Difficulty) | Medical-Grade Breast Pump (Rental) | Powerful, gentle, and effective, it provides optimal support for special needs. |
Step 3: Focus on core performance and comfort (checklist when selecting)
After determining the general type of breast pump, mothers also need to pay attention to the following specific performance
Suction mode: It must have both a "stimulation mode" and a "milk letdown mode," with multiple adjustable settings. Comfortable and practical milk extraction requires "maximum comfortable suction," not "maximum tolerable pain."
Main pump type Diaphragm Pump vs. Piston Pump： The piston pump achieves quieter, more comfortable, stronger and more durable performance through a more complex and precise structure. The piston pump uses slow-release technology to minimize nipple pull and improve user comfort, making it the first choice for those who pursue a high-quality milk pumping experience. The diaphragm pump provides basic milk pumping functions at a more competitive price, meeting the needs of budget-sensitive and light-use users.
Negative pressure sensor：A breast pump with a negative pressure sensor can monitor the force on the breast in real time and then fine-tune the gear size. When mothers are suckling their babies, they can find the gear that suits them as they wish, so that milk can be sucked faster and more smoothly. Try to choose a breast pump with a negative pressure sensor.
Ball size: This is the cornerstone of comfort and efficiency! A nipple size guide is provided. The nipple should be able to move freely within the breast channel during milk extraction without excessive friction.
Cleaning: Are the accessories easy to disassemble and assemble? The simpler the structure, the fewer hidden areas of hygiene.
Noise level: Low noise is crucial for mothers who need to pump at night or in a quiet environment.
Accessory availability: Valves, bells, etc., are consumable items. Are the brand's accessories readily available? Is their compatibility high?
Leverage Insurance: Mothers are reminded to contact their health insurance company to learn about breast pump coverage.
Rent Before Buy: For mothers unsure of their needs, especially those with premature babies, it's recommended to rent a medical-grade breast pump to try it out before deciding on a personalized model.
Read Real Reviews: Mothers are encouraged to watch in-depth reviews on YouTube or read real user reviews on e-commerce platforms, focusing on cases similar to their own.
Check Return Policies: Ensure the purchasing channel offers a reasonable return or exchange window in case the product isn't suitable.
1. Main Unit
Function: The built-in motor and microprocessor are the brains and power source of the breast pump. It generates suction and controls the switching between stimulation mode (fast and gentle to induce letdown) and letdown mode (slow and deep to remove milk), as well as the suction force and rhythm.
Features: The heart of the electric breast pump. The portable main unit is powered by batteries or a power bank.
All parts that come into direct contact with breast milk are the focus of cleaning and disinfection and need to be thoroughly cleaned immediately after use.
2. Breast shield
Function: A funnel-shaped component that fits directly onto the breast. It creates a seal, allowing suction to act on the breast and channeling expressed milk into the bottle.
Key Knowledge: Size matters! Mismatched sizing is the leading cause of pain and inefficiency. The correct flare size should be selected based on nipple diameter (not breast size). The nipple should move freely within the canal during expression without rubbing against the walls.
3. Valve
Function: This is one of the most critical and often overlooked components. A one-way valve (usually a small white or transparent piece) generates pulsed suction by opening and closing at a high frequency. It also protects the device by preventing milk and condensate from being drawn into it.
Characteristics: This is a consumable part. If suction is weakened, milk is sucked back, or water enters the device, first check the valve for aging, deformation, damage, or moisture.
4. Connector/Body
Function: This plastic component connects the bell housing, valve, and bottle, forming the main channel for milk flow.
5.Milk Storage Containers
Function: Collects and stores expressed breast milk.
Type:
Breast milk storage bottles: These typically connect directly to a breast pump and are reusable, allowing for easy refrigeration or feeding with a nipple.
Breast milk storage bags: Disposable, saving freezer space. They require an adapter or a pour-over method.
6. Catheter
Function: Connects the central unit to the connector and transmits the suction power generated by the central unit. Important: Milk does not flow through the catheter.
Maintenance: If condensation forms on the inner wall of the catheter, it indicates excessive humidity or a valve problem. Keep the catheter dry, as this will affect suction performance. Replace if cracked.
7. Hands-Free Pumping Bra
Function: A hands-free "magic tool." The bra features dedicated openings to secure the flared cup, allowing mothers to read, work, or use their phone while expressing.
Importance: This significantly reduces strain and stress for mothers who frequently express (especially double-pumping).
Diagram of components of electric breast pump and manual breast pump
Using a new breast pump requires a learning curve. Be patient and don't expect to pump much milk the first time. Comfort is always your top priority. The process will become smoother as you become more comfortable with the pump.
Step 1: Pre-Use Preparation
1. Thorough Cleaning and Sterilization (Required for First-Time Use)
Read the instructions carefully: Locate the list of all removable and washable parts. These are typically all parts that come into direct contact with milk and your breast.
Disassembly and Cleaning: Thoroughly clean the bell housing, valve, connector, and bottle with warm water and mild detergent. Use a bottle brush to clean any hard spots.
Sterilization: Perform the initial sterilization using your preferred sterilization method (steam sterilizer, boiling water for 5-10 minutes, or UV sterilizer).
Drying: Allow to air dry thoroughly on a clean drying rack or paper towels.
2. Familiarize Yourself with the Device
Charge the central unit or install the battery.
Identify the power button, the switch between stimulation and lactation modes, and the suction adjustment button.
Assembly Practice: Practice correctly assembling all dry parts without turning the Device on.
3. Find Your Comfort Zone
Choose a Comfortable Seat: Sit in a chair with a backrest and a cushion. Leaning forward slightly can help milk flow.
Relax: Prepare a glass of warm water, play some soft music, and look at photos or videos of your baby. This can help trigger the "let-down reflex" (milk let-down).
4. Prepare storage tools.
Label the milk storage bottles with the date, time, and quantity.
Prepare ice packs and a heat pack (if refrigerating immediately is necessary).
Step 2: First-Time Pumping Procedure
Follow the flowchart below to clearly understand the core steps and key techniques for your first pumping experience:
1. Proper Assembly and Fitting
Ensure all parts (especially the valve) are correctly installed, as this will affect suction.
Before fitting, apply a small amount of pure lanolin nipple cream and areola to your nipple for added comfort and lubrication.
2. Turn on and find your comfort level
Turn on the pump and select stimulation mode: Suction will be fast and gentle.
Start at the lowest setting! This is the golden rule for avoiding pain.
3. Patiently Wait and Switch Modes
Continue using stimulation mode for about 2 minutes, or until you see a rapid milk flow (a letdown).
Immediately switch to letdown mode: Suction will be slow and deep. Gradually increase the suction level until it feels effective but not painful—this is your "comfort maximum."
4. Manage duration and end times
We recommend pumping for 15-20 minutes per side. You can take a short break during this process or switch modes again to stimulate a new milk flow.
When done, adjust the suction to the lowest setting, turn off the power, and gently remove the speaker cover.
Step 3: Cleaning Up After Use
1. Store breast milk immediately
Immediately cap the bottle or pour into a milk storage bag, expel any air, and seal.
Label the bottle with the date, time, and volume.
2. Clean accessories immediately
Immediately rinse all parts that came into contact with breast milk with cold water to prevent the milk fat from curdling.
Then rinse thoroughly with warm water and detergent and sterilize (at least daily, depending on your preference).
Let dry thoroughly in a clean place.
Here's a comprehensive guide and key considerations for storing breast milk after you've finished pumping. Proper breast milk storage is crucial for keeping your baby's food safe.After you've finished pumping, it's crucial to handle and store your breast milk properly. Follow these three golden steps to keep your breast milk safe and fresh.
Core Principle: Speed is Key
Pouring into a Milk Storage Container: Immediately pour milk from your breast pump bottle into a dedicated milk storage bottle or disposable milk storage bag.
De-airing: If using a milk storage bag, stand the bag upright on a table and slowly squeeze out any air from the top before sealing. Minimizing air contact better preserves the nutrients and antioxidants in breast milk.
Secure a Tight Seal: Ensure the seal on the bottle cap or milk storage bag is entirely secure to prevent leaks and contamination.
Step 2: Clearly Label
Core Principle: Eliminate Mix-ups, First-In, First-Out
It is crucial to clearly label each container with the following three pieces of information using a waterproof marker:
Pumping Date: Exactly to the year, month, and day.
⏰ Specific Time: Distinguish between morning (AM) and afternoon (PM).
⚖️ Milk Volume: In milliliters (ml) or ounces (oz).For example, store it in 90-120ml portions, the amount a baby should eat at once. Alternatively, store it in 30-60ml portions. If your baby wants more later, you can give them a smaller portion to avoid waste.
Tip: If you need to send breast milk to a nursery, label it with your baby's name.
Step 3: Choose the Right Storage Environment and Duration
Core Principle: Strictly Adhere to Temperature and Time Regulations
The following are breast milk storage guidelines (for healthy, full-term infants) based on recommendations from the American Academy of Pediatrics and other authoritative organizations:
| Storage Location | Ambient Temperature | Recommended Storage Duration | Key Notes and Reminders |
| Room temperature | ≤ 25°C | Maximum 4 hours | Ideally, refrigerate as soon as possible. Keep in a calm environment and out of direct sunlight. |
| cold storage room | 4°C | Best within 4 days | Must be placed on the back wall of the refrigerator, not on the door shelf, to maintain a consistent temperature. |
| freezing Room | -18°C | Best within 6 months Acceptable within 12 months | While it remains safe to eat within 6-12 months, the fat and antibody activity will slowly decrease over time. |
1. Choosing a Storage Container
Breast milk storage bottles: Made of glass or BPA-free plastic, reusable. Suitable for short-term refrigeration.
Breast milk storage bags: Disposable, designed for freezing, and more space-saving. Be sure to purchase sterilized products specifically designed for storage.
2. About Mixing Pumped Milk from Different Times
Mixing is possible, but with caution: Breast milk pumped on the same day can be combined in the same container.
Golden Rule: Combine freshly pumped breast milk that has cooled to the same temperature (for example, both have been refrigerated).
Never pour fresh, warm breast milk directly into frozen breast milk; this will cause some frozen milk to thaw, increasing the risk of spoilage.
3. About Thawing and Heating
Thawing Methods:
Best: Refrigerate frozen milk the night before to thaw slowly.
Quick: Hold the sealed container under running cold water or place it in a bowl of cold water, gradually replacing it with warm water.
Heating Method:
Use a bottle warmer or place the milk container in a bowl of warm water.
Don't: Never use a microwave or heat directly on the stovetop! This not only destroys the precious nutrients and antibodies in breast milk, but also creates "hot spots" that can burn your baby.
Storing Breast Milk After Thawing/Heating:
Breast milk thawed in the refrigerator: Consume within 24 hours.
Breast milk thawed at room temperature or in cold water: Consume immediately.
Most Important: Never refreeze thawed breast milk!
4. How to Tell If Breast Milk Has Spoiled?
It smells distinctly sour or rancid (regular breast milk may have a faint fishy or sweet smell, which is different from spoiled breast milk).
It appears heavily separated and difficult to mix, even after shaking, or it has become thick and sticky.
5. Storage Tips
Allow Expansion Space. Do not overfill the container when freezing the breast milker. Leave about a quarter of the top space, as the milk expands after freezing.
Portioned Storage: It is recommended to store the container in portions according to your baby's serving size (e.g., 60ml, 90ml, 120ml) to avoid waste.
A breast pump is an indispensable tool for breastfeeding mothers. But did you know that improper cleaning poses one of the most significant risks to your baby's health: bacteria. Following a thorough and proper cleaning guide will protect your baby and extend the life of your expensive breast pump accessories.
Breast milk is a breeding ground for bacteria. If left untouched, residual milk can quickly breed bacteria and mold, potentially causing diarrhea, thrush, or gastroenteritis in babies. Furthermore, grease and milk stains can clog valves and damage silicone components, weakening the suction of the breast pump and affecting pumping efficiency.
| Step 1: Immediate disassembly and pretreatment | Step 2: Rinse quickly with cold water | Step 3: Deep Cleaning | Step 4: Rinse and Dry Thoroughly |
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Note: Make sure the sink you are using is also clean. |
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Disinfection Frequency:
For healthy, full-term infants, disinfection is required before first use.
For daily use, thoroughly disinfect at least once a day. For other cleanings, simply use hot soapy water.
For premature infants, newborns (under 3 months old), or those with compromised immune systems, disinfection after each use is recommended.
Mainstream disinfection methods:
| Steam Sterilizer | Boiling water disinfection method | UV disinfection cabinet | Dishwasher (if applicable) | |
| Advantages | Convenient, fast, efficient, and unattended, it's the preferred choice for most modern parents. | Zero cost, no additional equipment required. | Heat-free sterilization is more component-friendly and also allows for drying. | Make sure your breast pump accessories are labeled "dishwasher safe." |
| Instructions | Follow the instructions to add the appropriate amount of water, place the cleaned parts in the pot, and start. | Use a dedicated pot and completely submerge the parts in boiling water for 5-10 minutes. Remove with tongs, taking care not to burn them. | Place the components in the cabinet and start the sterilization and drying cycle. | Dishwasher-safe in the top rack, using hot water and a heated drying cycle. |
1. Does the tubing need to be cleaned?
No. Milk should not enter the tubing. If condensation forms on the inside of the tubing, run the pump (without any accessories) for a few minutes to dry it out. Never clean the tubing, as moisture inside can cause mold.
2. How often should accessories be replaced?
The valve/backflow preventer is a consumable part! It should generally be replaced every 1-3 months, or if it becomes deformed, soft, loses its elasticity, or has noticeably reduced suction. The bell housing should also be replaced if cracks appear or the silicone becomes sticky.
3. How do I clean my breast pump while out and about?
Disinfectant wipes: Use alcohol-free disinfectant wipes designed for baby products to wipe down the accessories quickly.
Specialized cleaning spray: Purchase a commercially available, no-rinse bottle cleaning spray.
"Refrigerator method": Place used accessories in a sealed bag and immediately refrigerate. Clean thoroughly upon returning home. This method is for emergencies only and is not recommended for routine use.
4. Can I sterilize in a microwave?
It is not recommended unless a dedicated microwave steam sterilization bag is used. Placing accessories directly into the microwave may damage the components due to localized overheating.
Mistake 1: Soaking accessories in water overnight. This encourages bacterial growth.
Mistake 2: Cleaning without fully disassembling, resulting in poor hygiene.
Mistake 3: Using a regular rag to dry accessories introduces new bacteria.
Mistake 4: Neglecting to replace valves regularly affects performance and hygiene.
Under the Affordable Care Act, most health insurance plans are required to provide a breast pump to nursing mothers at no out-of-pocket cost ($0 copay). Here's a breakdown of the steps to ensure you're covered.
1. Confirm Your Eligibility:
You have health insurance through your employer, the individual market, or a government program.
Note: Most plans are covered by the ACA, but a few grandfathered plans may not cover you. You can call your insurance company to confirm.
2. Choose the Best Application Window:
Golden Time: Usually around 30 days before your due date. This is when most insurance companies open applications.
Deadline: You can still apply after giving birth, but it's strongly recommended to apply beforehand to avoid postpartum confusion.
Action: First, contact your insurance company to verify the earliest application date your plan allows.
Before placing your order, please have the following information ready to make the process as smooth as possible:
Your personal information: Full name, address, date of birth, and due date.
Your insurance information: Insurance member ID number and group number (found on your insurance card).
Your doctor's information: Name, clinic phone number, and fax number of your obstetrician or midwife.
Call Customer Service: Call the Member Services number on the back of your insurance card.
Checklist of Essential Questions (Always Ask):
"Does my plan cover a breast pump under the ACA?"
"How early before my due date can I apply?"
"Which in-network durable medical equipment provider do I need to go through?" (This is the most crucial question)
"Do I need a doctor's prescription?"
"What types of breast pumps are covered (electric single/double, manual)? If I want to upgrade to a wearable model (like Willow/Elvie), what's the process for paying the difference?"
Search for "breast pump" in the "Plan Details," "Maternal and Child Health," or "Benefits" sections.
Visit the website of a reputable DME supplier directly; they can handle all the eligibility verification and application work for you.
Among the following three methods, method 1 is the one we recommend most.
Visit the supplier's website: Obtain a list of participating DME suppliers from your insurance company (e.g., Aeroflow Breastpumps, Edgepark, Byram Healthcare).
Verify eligibility online: Find the "Check Your Insurance" button on the supplier's website and fill in your personal and insurance information.
Wait for contact and selection: Typically within 1-3 business days, the supplier will contact you by email or phone with a list of breast pump models eligible for coverage.
Confirm your order: Select your desired model from the list (you can choose a free model or upgrade by paying the difference), confirm your shipping address, and complete your order. The breast pump will be shipped directly to your home.
Advantages: The supplier handles all paperwork, verification, and claim processing, leaving you with virtually no worries.
Visit the retailer's insurance verification page and submit your information.
After verification, you'll receive a promo code.
Use the promo code on the retailer's website to redeem a breast pump for $0.
Pros: Fast pickup and in-store pickup are available.
Cons: Available models are often very limited.
Process: Purchase in full → Keep receipts → Submit claim form to insurance company.
Strong warning: This process is extremely cumbersome, and insurance companies often only reimburse a portion of the lowest price they consider, potentially leaving you with a significant out-of-pocket expense. Avoid this option if possible.
Inspection: Upon receiving the breast pump, unpack and inspect to ensure all accessories are included.
Cleaning and Sterilization: Before first use, thoroughly clean and sterilize all parts that come into contact with breast milk.
Warranty Registration: Register your product warranty online to receive after-sales service.
Recordkeeping: Keep all emails and order information related to your application.
Q: Can I choose any brand of breast pump?
A: No. Insurance typically covers "basic" electric breast pumps. If you prefer a specific high-end brand or wearable model, you'll likely have to pay the price difference.
Q: Will insurance cover two breast pumps?
A: Typically, one is covered per pregnancy. If you have twins, the policy may be different; please check with your insurance company.
Q: What if my doctor doesn't respond to a prescription request from a DME vendor?
A: Proactively contact your doctor's office and let them know that a DME vendor will fax or send a prescription request. Please be aware of this and process it as soon as possible.
Q: Will manual breast pumps be covered?
A: Insurance typically prefers to cover electric breast pumps. Manual breast pumps may not be covered or may require a special note from your doctor.
